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A forest fire causes a dramatic, sudden reductions in population size. It affects all population in this way, regardless of whether they are big or small.
Density independent factors are events that affect the carrying capacity but do not depend on population size. A forest fire is a density-independent factor.
What are the limiting factors?
Limiting factors are environmental conditions that act directly on populations and individuals, limiting their distribution and growth.
These factors might be either biotic or abiotic and affect natality and mortality rate, migration, etcetera.
Limiting factors might be a result of the population density or might be dense-independent.
When talking about dense-independent limiting factors we are referring to events that do not depend on the number of individuals or population density.
These are events that affect the carrying capacity. They occur independently of population size, and are due to other factors.
To name a few, we can mention,
- abiotic factors ⇒ temperature, pH, salinity, humidity, radiation, etcetera.
- natural disasters ⇒ fires, volcanic eruptions, flooding, etcetera
- human impact
When talking about dense-dependent limiting factors we are referring to biotic factors and the interactions established between species that control other species' growth.
These are, for instance,
- competition,
- parasitism, and
- predation
According to this information we can assume that a forest fire is a density-independent factor. It can be considered a natural disaster.
Natural disaster causes damage to an ecosystem, reducing the available resources such as food or shelter, and consequently decreasing the number of individuals. Natural disasters reduce the carrying capacity of the environment.
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