How are the transmission, prevention, and treatment of infectious diseases similar to and different from these processes in other diseases?

Note, diseases that are classified as infectious diseases according to the Mayoclinic "are disorders caused by organisms — such as bacteria, viruses, fungi or parasites. Many organisms live in and on our bodies. They're normally harmless or even helpful. But under certain conditions, some organisms may cause disease."

Transmission:

human to human transmission.
insects to humans.
animals to humans.

Prevention: The following are common prevention methods recommended by most health experts;

Washing of hands frequently.
Get vaccination if available.
Prepare food safely.
Don't share personal items like toothbrushes, comb, and razors.