The geographic context for the development of the crusades as it spread in the Middle East.
- The crusade began as a religious conflict between Muslims and Christians.
- Pope Urban II called for a holy crusade against the Turks, who were destroying Christian churches and capturing Holy Land.
- A Christian army was prepared by the papacy to defend the faith and recapture the Holy Land from Muslims.
- During the first crusade, Muslims took the County of Edessa in 1144.
- The Second Crusade was a complete failure for Christians.
- The third Crusade under Richard I, Philip Augustus of France, and Frederick Barbarossa of Germany captured Acre and Jaffa, but Jerusalem remained in Muslim hands.
Therefore we can conclude that there was a geographic development of the crusades.
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