1. The topography (relief) of an area can influence the weather and climate, for example being close to water can make for a milder climate while areas in the mountains are more likely to have extreme weather and can act as a barrier to air movement or water.
2. Bodies of water can affect a climate because water heats and cools slower than land meaning that coastal areas will stay cooler in summer. Water will create a moderate climate with a narrow temperature range.
