If it helps, picture each letter in the expression as a different kind of cookie. You’re sorting the cookies, then adding up how many of each kind you have, but not mixing them all up. Any +, you add to the pile. Any -, you take away a cookie.
a+a+a+a= 4a
b+b+b+b+b = 5b
c-c+c-c+c = c
2d + 3d = 5d
7e- 6e = e
3f + 7f -f = 10f -f = 9f
g + g + g + h + h = 3g + 2h
5j + 2k + 3j + k. for this one, you might find it helpful to move the js and ks together:
5j + 3j + 2k + k = 8j + 3k