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Explanation:

As Islam spread across the Arabian Peninsula and later across North Africa and the Middle East , it had an aggregating effect. The occupants of these areas had been nomadic tribes for a very long time. They were polytheistic and reaped all the political problems associated with polytheism.

Answer:

After the death of Prophet Muhammad in 632 A.D. in Medina, the town remained the capital of the first three Caliphs.

Explanation: