Question

A baseball team won 22 of the first 40 games it played. If the team's wins and losses continue at the same rate, how many games will the team win during a 162-game season?

(A) 55
(B) 68
(C) 81
(D) 89
(E) 111

Answer 1

This game isn't too bad.
We have a proportion which represents another number. 

Basically the problem states that the ratio: 
22/40 is applicable to the ratio of:
# Wins / # Games 

I'll represent the # Wins with the letter W.
and I'll represent the # of Games with the letter G. 

So we simply set them equal to each other. 

22/44 = W / G

They gave us G = 162 games

22 / 44 = W / 162

Cross multiply. So, the denominator on the left side of the equation will multiply with the numerator on the right. While the denominator on the right multiplies with the numerator on the left. 

44*W = 22*162

You'll probably need a calculator for 22*162, but you can use long multiplication if it isn't allowed. 

44W = 3564

Divide 44 on both sides. 

W = 3564 / 44 

W = 81

C. 81 is our answer!