Answer:
> Octet, in chemistry, the eight-electron arrangement in the outer electron shell of the noble-gas atoms. This structure is held responsible for the relative inertness of the noble gases and the chemical behaviour of certain other elements.
> Referring to the octet rule, atoms attempt to get a noble gas electron configuration, which is eight valence electrons. Sodium has one valence electron, so giving it up would result in the same electron configuration as neon. Chlorine has seven valence electrons, so if it takes one it will have eight (an octet).
By definition, an electron octet establishes that the atom is stable when it has 8 electrons in its valence shell. Noble gases are electrochemically stable elements, that is, they have 8 electrons in their last shell, containing an electron octet.
The octet rule states that the atoms of the elements bond to each other in an attempt to complete their valence shell with eight electrons. In other words, the atoms will tend to give up or share electrons to complete eight electrons in the valence shell through an ionic, covalent or metallic bond.
In other words, the goal is to have the closest noble gas electron configuration, thus having the last complete electron shell and acquiring stability.
That is, the octet rule defines the property that atoms have of completing their last energy level with eight electrons to achieve stability. The basis of this rule are the noble gases that have 8 electrons in their last shell and are the least reactive elements of the entire periodic table.
In summary, an electron octet establishes that the atom is stable when it has 8 electrons in its valence shell. Noble gases are electrochemically stable elements, that is, they have 8 electrons in their last shell, containing an electron octet.
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