1. The right answer is age of rock.
Other factors controlling the alteration are:
* The resistance of minerals to alteration (ie rock types)
* External factors controlling hydrolysis (In addition to contact time, concentrations, drainage, granulometry ...)
* Climate and temperature (hot, cold, frost, temperature difference ...)
2. The right answer is high temperature and high confining pressure.
Three important parameters must be considered when applying stress-strain concepts to materials of the Earth's crust: temperature, pressure and time. Temperature and pressure increase with depth in the Earth's crust and change the behavior of materials.
3. The right answer is becomes more likely.
One of the most direct characterizations of metamorphism is the mineralogical transformation of the rock (sometimes with a change in the chemical composition, by contribution or departure of fluids in particular). In addition, deformations commonly accompany metamorphism, including regional metamorphism, since rock bearing conditions at high pressures and / or high temperatures are commonly associated with significant stresses, as in the case of collision chains. This is why the study of deformations (schistosity, foliation, lineation) is commonly included in the study of metamorphism.
4. The right answer is all of the above.
The elastic limit is the stress from which a material stops deforming in an elastic, reversible manner and thus begins to irreversibly deform.
For a ductile material, it is the zone in red on the graph opposite, beyond the elastic domain E represented in blue in which the increase of the stress gives a reversible deformation to the suppression of this constraint (and often fairly linear depending on this constraint). The deformations under the elastic limit remain permanent, they are plastic deformations. They are usually measured or checked with a tensile test.
5. The right answer is erosional deformation.
In geomorphology, erosion is the process of degradation and transformation of the relief, and therefore of the rocks, which is caused by any external agent (hence other than tectonics). So it is not a type of deformation, it is rather an alteration.
A relief whose pattern is mainly due to erosion is called "erosional relief". Erosion factors are:
*the climate ;
* the relief;
* physics (hardness) and chemistry (eg solubility) of rock;
* the absence or absence of vegetation cover and the nature of the plants;
* the tectonic history (fracturing for example);
* the action of man (agricultural practices, urbanization).
