Answer: 1) Two structures are possible with the molecular formula [tex]AX_2Y_2[/tex] having square planar geometry.
2) Only one structure is possible for the formula [tex]AHXYZ[/tex] having tetrahederal geometry.
Explanation: For both the cases, we are fixing the position of A-atom which is the central metal atom.
1) When A is fixed and we are ought to surround 2 X and 2 Y-atoms around it. There are 2 possible ways in which can be done.
When both the X-atoms are adjacent to each other, it is known as cis-conformation.
When both the X-atoms are anti to each other, it is known as trans-confirmation.
2) When A is fixed and four different groups are surrounding this atom, only 1 structure is possible which have a tetrahederal geometry.
The structure are shown in the given image below.
1) Two structures are possible with the molecular formula [tex]{\text{A}}{{\text{X}}_{\text{2}}}{{\text{Y}}_{\text{2}}}[/tex]. (For structure refer to image attached).
2) Only one structure is possible for the formula [tex]{\text{AHXYZ}}[/tex]. (For structure refer to image attached).
Further explanation:
A molecular formula represents the chemical symbols for the constituent elements followed by numeric subscripts that depict the number of atoms of each element present in the molecule.
A structural formula is used to indicate not only the number of atoms but also their arrangement in space. A structural formula provides information about the relative position of atoms and the bond between atoms.
In square planar molecular geometry, the central atom is surrounded by constituent atoms that form the corners of the square on the same plane. Cis and Trans isomers are isomers that differ in the arrangement of two ligands in the square planar molecule.
Cis isomers are isomers where the ligands are at [tex]90^\circ[/tex] angle from one another in relation to the central molecule. Trans isomers are defined as the isomers in which the two ligands are on opposite sides in a molecule and have a bond angle of 180degrees between the two same atoms
In tetrahedral molecular geometry, a central atom is located at the center of four substituents, which form the corners of a tetrahedron. The bond angles are approximately 109.5 degrees.
1) [tex]{\mathbf{A}}{{\mathbf{X}}_{\mathbf{2}}}{{\mathbf{Y}}_{\mathbf{2}}}[/tex]
When the position of central atom A is fixed and surrounded by 2X and 2Yatoms around it. There are two possible structures in which these atoms can be arranged around the central atom in this square planar molecule. These are as follows:
(i) When both the X atoms are adjacent to each other and bond angle between them is 90 degree, then it is known as cis structure.
(ii)When both the X-atoms are opposite to each other, and the bond angle between them is 180 degrees, then it is known as trans structure.
The structures are shown in the image attached.
2) [tex]{\mathbf{AHXYZ}}[/tex]
When the position of central atom A is fixed and surrounded by four different groups. Only one structure is possible which has a tetrahedral geometry and bond angle of 109.5 degrees.
The structure is shown in the image attached.
Learn more:
1. Which molecule cannot be adequately described by a single Lewis structure https://brainly.com/question/6786947?
2. Whether carbon dioxide and water have the same geometry or not https://brainly.com/question/2176581
Answer details:
Grade: High School
Subject: Chemistry
Chapter: Chemical bonding and molecular structure
Keywords: molecular formula, structural formula, square planar molecular geometry, Cis isomers, trans isomers, tetrahedral molecular geometry, AX2Y2 and AHXYZ.
