Answer:
A. after the abolition of slavery in the United states
Explanation:
After slavery was abolished in United States, many people in The Southern States still treated the ex-slaves with hostility. They're heavily discriminated in every aspects of their life. They're not allowed to vote, do not have equal protection from the government, openly became a target of violence or even outright preventing them from getting a job.
To handle this , The Federal government proposed Reconstruction amendments. These amendments were crated to increase the Law protection for African American community and strengthen their status as Us Citizens.