The developments described in the excerpt illustrate the Second Great Awakening.
The Second Great Awakening was a religious movement that started in the 19th century.
The Second Great Awakening spread religion through revivals and preaching as it led to many new religious movements.
Joseph Smith was the founder of the Latter-day Saints.
Therefore we can conclude from the excerpt in the question that Joseph Smith created the Mormon movement during the second great Awakening.
Thus option A is the correct answer.
Learn more about the Second Great Awakening here:
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