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Answer: they first were deployed to help soldiers contain, but then they followed the government, and now they are free, but still chained in some way.

Explanation:

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At the beginning of the 20th century there were still 181 police forces in Britain. Many were very small: 41 of them had less than 50 policemen. Different forces worked in different ways and there was little contact or co-operation between them. There was no central criminal record-keeping. Greater mobility of criminals and the need to make use of new technology led to amalgamations of police forces: by 1946 there were 120 forces and by 2000 there were only 41.

In 1900 there were 60,000 police; by 2000 there were over 125,000. Over the century they became a much better-trained force. In 1900 new recruits learnt the job by doing it; now each has 14 weeks training. A National Police College was set up in 1947 to provide further training. Pay and conditions, with grievances dating back to Victorian times, led to police strikes in 1918 and 1919. Police are now banned from striking, but pay and conditions are good. The first women joined the police in 1920. The first women Chief Constable was appointed in 1996.

Some aspects of police work have changed much less. British police are still normally unarmed, and their uniform, though altered regularly, still looks much the same as it did in 1900, especially the helmet. One of the biggest changes of the later 20th century, taking police off the beat and putting them in cars, has not been popular and in many places the walking beat has been restored.

20th century technology was adopted in order to meet new needs and to improve police work. There are now many different specialist units, from dog handlers to police laboratory staff. But has it led to a better police force? Judge for yourself after looking at Case-Study 1.

However, all this must be set in the context of the post-1960 massive increase in crime -see Gallery Crime in the 20th Century. This has been accompanied by a much more critical attitude towards the police on the part of the public. These changes, and police responses to them, are explored in Case-Study 2.

Explanation:

Law enforcement is changing rapidly. New forms of crime, advanced technologies, and evolving relationships with the communities are shifting the very foundations of police work. New tools and a new police strategy—one that goes beyond solely enforcement or community engagement—are needed. But success at these changes will require a shift to the culture of many departments.

IN 1968, Phillip K. Di.ck wrote a novel about a law enforcement agent in the distant future of 2019. The gritty cityscape featured such futuristic elements as artificial intelligence, video calls, voice-activated personal assistants, and flying cars.1 It seems unlikely that even the great science fiction author could have predicted that nearly all of those technologies would be part of our daily lives in the real 2019. Today’s law enforcement officers have to navigate in real-life difficulties that literally could only be imagined 51 years ago.Law enforcement today faces a rapidly shifting landscape, with challenges on every front. The pace of change is increasing. Incidents go from local to national in seconds. And the ramifications can be lasting. New forms of crime, new technologies, and tense relationships with the communities are shifting the very nature of police work. Officers are increasingly being asked to do tasks beyond core law enforcement, such as dealing with the mentally ill or being the front line in combating ove.rdose de.aths. Technology and demographic shifts are changing the who, what, where, and how of law enforcement work.

To meet these new challenges law enforcement should consider not only new tools but also new policing strategies. New tools need to be able to pair the empathy of human judgment with the data-processing ability of machines. New policing strategies need to go beyond enforcement or community engagement to do both. Naturally, these can be significant changes for most police departments. The potential result is that success in meeting the challenges of the future rests on adapting the culture of those departments. To help provide a path for that change, this article combines recent research with the perspective of some of the top law enforcement professionals in the United States.

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