why did the Great Compromise establish a two-house legislature?
to fairly represent all states
to allow for population growth
to provide checks and balances
to prevent unconstitutional laws

Why is James Madison considered to be the Father of the Constitution?
His ideas about democratic government influenced the writing of the Constitution.
He wrote the Declaration of Independence.
He wrote the Anti-Federalist Papers, protecting the nights of the states.
He developed the Great Compromise.

At the Constitutional Convention of 1787, delegates from larger states argued that each state’s representation in the legislature should be proportional to its population. Smaller states argued that each state should have equal representation, regardless of population. The disagreement over representation threatened to derail the ratification of the United States Constitution.--A bicameral legislature with an upper house representing each state equally and a lower house with representation proportional to each state's population

“It may be a reflection on human nature, that such devices should be necessary to control the abuses of government. But what is government itself, but the greatest of all reflections on human nature? If men were angels, no government would be necessary. If angels were to govern men, neither external nor internal controls on government on government would be necessary. In framing a government which is to be administered by men over men, the great difficulty lies in this: you must first enable the government to control the governed; and in the next place oblige it to control itself.” -James Madison, Federalist No. 51---A large republic presents more opportunities for groups to participate, compete, and limit each other.