The adoption of the Cyrillic alphabet in Kiev, and the state's adoption of Eastern Orthodoxy, were results of its close relationship with the Byzantine Empire.
Explanation:
The Byzantine Empire came into existence after the fall of the Roman Empire.
- The empire preserved the Greek language (the Cyrillic, based on the Greek) and culture.
- Byzantine Empire ruled most of Eastern and Southern Europe.
- Byzantine Empire culturally was very much devoted to religion. They built churches and monuments with a painting of religious expression.
- Byzantium exerted religious, cultural, and linguistic influence on Romanians, eastern Slavs (Russians and Ukrainians), and southern Slavs (Serbs and Bulgars).
- From Byzantium, the Slavs acquired legal principles, art forms, and an alphabet (the Cyrillic) for writing their languages.
- Greek Missionaries of the Orthodox Church visiting neighbouring countries to learn the languages and spread the word of God.
- Christianity was carried into Kyivan Rus by missionaries from Byzantine in the 9th century.
- Saint Methodius and Saint Cyril were the first to start spreading Christianity among the Slavs by converting the Bible into Slavonic.
Therefore we can conclude that the Cyrillic alphabet and Eastern Orthodox in Kiev were spread by the Byzantine Empire.
Thus, option B. "The Byzantine Empire" is the correct answer.
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