Answer:
D). It highlights the courage and resolve of those participating in the protest movement.
Explanation:
Antithesis is characterized as the literary device in which two contradictory ideas are juxta-posed in parallel form. It primarily functions to offer a more emphasized, balanced, strengthened, and memorable argument to the reader.
In the given passage, the antithesis is reflected in the sentence with the description of 'seventy-two-year-old woman' where the author first calls her 'old, oppressed, and battered' and, on the other hand, he describes her as 'the women who rose up with a sense of dignity ... decided not to ride segregated buses.' This combination of contrasting ideas primarily aims to emphasize the 'courage and resolve of the people who participated in the protest movement' irrespective of the condition of their battered and oppressed condition.' Thus, option D is the correct answer.