Question

Which of the following definitions best describes the term "vapor pressure?a. Pressure and temperature values on a phase diagram where two phases of a substance coexist. b. In equilibrium with the liquid phase, the pressure exerted by a gas. c. Aspecific temperature and pressure at which the liquid and gas phases of a substance have the same density and are indistinguishable from each other. d. The temperature and pressure at which all three phases of a substance coexist. Under these conditions, freezing and melting, boiling and liquefaction, and sublimation and deposition all proceed at the same rate. e. The temperature at which the vapor pressure of a liquid equals 1 atm.

Answer 1

Answer:

b. In equilibrium with the liquid phase, the pressure exerted by a gas.

Explanation:

When a liquid is warmed up to a temperature , it starts vaporising . The liquid is turning into gas and gas is turning into liquid at different rates  . Initially the rate of former is higher but gradually the difference of rate between them decreases to zero . At this point the rate of conversion of liquid into gas and rate of conversion of gas into liquid becomes equal  . This is called dynamic equilibrium point .

If we change the temperature , the equilibrium gets disturbed .

At this point the pressure exerted by the gas is called the vapour pressure of the liquid .

So option b ) is correct .

Answer 2

At the equilibrium point, the pressure exerted by the gas molecules to the liquid molecules has been termed the Vapor pressure. Thus, statement b is correct.

The vaporization has been the process of conversion of liquid to the gaseous state with the rise in temperature. The liquids attaining a certain temperature have been vaporized into the gaseous state.

Initially, the gas phase has been less in concentration, thus the rate of formation of gas has been greater.

After a certain amount of time, the gas phase starts to cool down and converts to the liquid state. The rate of formation of the liquid has been slower.

The time when the rate of formation of liquid, and the rate of formation of gas has been equal is termed as the equilibrium point. At the equilibrium point, the pressure exerted by the gas molecules to the liquid molecules has been termed the Vapor pressure.

Thus, statement b is correct.

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