Answer:
Explanation:
The Ottomans were a tribe of Oghuz (Oğuz) Turks that came from the area now controlled by Kazakhstan and Uzbekistan. They migrated into northwest Anatolia where they promptly settled and created a small empire in 1299. In the following centuries, they defeated a number of other similar small empires and consolidated power. By the mid-1400s, they were able to completely destroy the Byzantine Empire and by the 1500s, they extended their power throughout Anatolia, Southeastern Europe, the Middle East, and parts North Africa.
The Ottomans' vast empire was pinnacle of scientific and technological achievement in Europe at the time and the capital of Constantinople (which would be renamed Istanbul) was the most cosmopolitan city and one of the largest cities outside of China. However, it was also an empire with discrimination against minorities and a large slave trade. The Ottoman Empire failed to continue modernizing after the end of the 1600s and proceeded to lose territory as the Austrian and Russian Empires reclaimed their lost territories and the conquered peoples of Southeastern Europe and North Africa increasingly pushed for independence. The Ottomans were finally overthrown by their own army led by Mustafa Kemal Atatürk, who established the Republic of Turkey in 1924.
