Question

A 600-turn solenoid, 25 cm long, has a diameter of 2.5 cm. A 14-turn coil is wound tightly around the center of the solenoid. If the current in the solenoid increases uniformly from 0 to 5.0 A in 0.60 s, what will be the induced emf in the short coil during this time

Answer 1

Answer:

The induced emf in the short coil during this time is 1.728 x 10⁻⁴ V

Explanation:

The magnetic field at the center of the solenoid is given by;

B = μ(N/L)I

Where;

μ is permeability of free space

N is the number of turn

L is the length of the solenoid

I is the current in the solenoid

The rate of change of the field is given by;

$\frac{\delta B}{\delta t} = \frac{\mu N \frac{\delta i}{\delta t} }{L} \\\\\frac{\delta B}{\delta t} = \frac{4\pi *10^{-7} *600* \frac{5}{0.6} }{0.25}\\\\\frac{\delta B}{\delta t} =0.02514 \ T/s$

The induced emf in the shorter coil is calculated as;

$E = NA\frac{\delta B}{\delta t}$

where;

N is the number of turns in the shorter coil

A is the area of the shorter coil

Area of the shorter coil = πr²

The radius of the coil = 2.5cm / 2 = 1.25 cm = 0.0125 m

Area of the shorter coil = πr² = π(0.0125)² = 0.000491 m²

$E = NA\frac{\delta B}{\delta t}$

E = 14 x 0.000491 x 0.02514

E = 1.728 x 10⁻⁴ V

Therefore, the induced emf in the short coil during this time is 1.728 x 10⁻⁴ V

Answer 2

The induced emf in the coil at the center of the longer solenoid is $1.725\times10^{-4}V$

Induced EMF:

The induced emf is produced in a coil when the magnetic flux through the coil is changing. It opposes the change of magnetic flux. Mathematically it is represented as the negative rate of change of magnetic flux at follows:

$E=-\frac{\delta\phi}{\delta t}$

where E is the induced emf,

$\phi$ is the magnetic flux through the coil.

The changing current varies the magnetic flux through the coil at the center of the long solenoid, which is given by:

$\phi = \frac{\mu_oNIA}{L}$

so;

$\frac{\delta\phi}{\delta t}=\frac{\mu_oNA}{L} \frac{\delta I}{\delta t}$

where N is the number of turns of longer solenoid, A is the cross sectional area, I is the current and L is the length of the coil.

$\frac{\delta\phi}{\delta t}=\frac{4\pi \times10^{-7} \times600 \times \pi \times(1.25\times10^{-2})^2}{25\times10^{-2}} \frac{5}{60}\\\\\frac{\delta\phi}{\delta t}=1.23\times10^{-7}Wb/s$

The emf produced in the coil at the center of the solenoid which has 14 turns will be:

$E=N\frac{\delta \phi}{\delta t}\\\\E=14\times1.23\times10^{-7}V\\\\E=1.725\times10^{-4}V$

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