A research study investigated differences between male and female students. Based on the study results, we can assume the population mean and standard deviation for the GPA of male students are µ = 3.5 and σ = 0.05. Suppose a random sample of 100 male students is selected and the GPA for each student is calculated. What is the probability that the random sample of 100 male students has a mean GPA greater than 3.42?

Given, A research study investigated differences between male and female students. Based on the study results, we can assume the population mean and standard deviation for the GPA of male students are µ = 3.5 and σ = 0.05.

Let [tex]\overline{X}[/tex] represents the sample mean GPA for each student.

Then, the probability that the random sample of 100 male students has a mean GPA greater than 3.42:

[tex]P(\overline{X}>3.42)=P(\dfrac{\overline{X}-\mu}{\dfrac{\sigma}{\sqrt{n}}}>\dfrac{3.42-3.5}{\dfrac{0.5}{\sqrt{100}}})\\\\=P(Z>\dfrac{-0.08}{\dfrac{0.5}{10}})\ \ \ [Z=\dfrac{\overline{X}-\mu}{\dfrac{\sigma}{\sqrt{n}}}]\\\\=P(Z>1.6)\\\\=1-P(Z<1.6)\\\\=1-0.9452=0.0548[/tex]

hence, the required probability is 0.0548.