Question

The mass percentage of hydrochloric acid within a solution is 22.00%. Given that the density of this solution is 1.110 g/mL, find the molarity of the solution.

Answer 1

The molarity of the solution is 6.67 M.

From the question given above, the following data were obtained:

Mass percent of HCl = 22%

Density of solution = 1.110 g/mL

Molarity of solution =?

• Next, we shall determine the mass of HCl in the solution.

Percentage by mass of HCl = 22%

Mass of HCl =?

Mass of HCl = $\frac{22}{100}$

Mass of HCl = 0.22

NOTE: Assume the mass of the solution to be 1 g.

• Next, we shall determine the number of mole in 0.22 g of HCl. This can be obtained as follow:

Molar mass of HCl = 1 + 35.5

= 36.5 g/mol

Mass of HCl = 0.22 g

Mole of HCl =?

$Mole = \frac{mass}{molar mass } \\\\Mole of HCl = \frac{0.22}{36.5}$

Mole of HCl = 0.006 mole

• Next, we shall determine the volume of the solution.

Density of solution = 1.110 g/mL

Mass of solution = 1 g

Volume of solution =?

$Density = \frac{mass}{volume}\\\\ 1.110 = \frac{1}{Volume}$

Cross multiply

1.110 × Volume = 1

Divide both side by 1.110

$Volume = \frac{1}{1.11}$

Volume = 0.9 mL

Divide by 1000 to express in litres (L)

$Volume = \frac{0.9}{1000}$

Volume of solution = 0.0009 L

• Finally, we shall determine the molarity of the solution.

Mole of HCl = 0.006 mole

Volume of solution = 0.0009 L

Molarity =?

$Molarity = \frac{mole}{Volume} \\\\ Molarity = \frac{0.006}{0.0009}$

Molarity of solution = 6.67 M

Therefore, the molarity of the solution is 6.67 M.

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