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Carbon dioxide is a very soluble gas. It dissolves readily in water. As the oceans formed, carbon dioxide dissolved to form soluble carbonate compounds so its amount in the atmosphere decreased. Carbonate compounds were then precipitated as sedimentary rocks, eg limestone.

Uptake by living organisms

Carbon dioxide was also absorbed from the oceans into photosynthetic algae and plants. Many of these organisms, and the simple organisms in the food chains that they supported were turned into fossil fuels, eg crude oil, coal and natural gas, which all contain carbon.

Coal is a fossil fuel which was formed from trees which were in dense forests in low-lying wetland areas. Flooding caused the wood from these forests to be buried in a way that prevented oxidation taking place. Compression and heating over millions of years turned the wood into coal.

Crude oil and natural gas were formed from simple plants and tiny animals which were living in oceans and lakes. These small organisms died and their remains sank to the bottom where they were buried under sediments. The lack of oxygen prevented oxidation from occurring.

Over millions of years, heat and pressure turned the remains of the organisms into crude oil and natural gas. Natural gas contains the smallest molecules and is often found on top of crude oil, trapped under sedimentary rock.

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Answer:

Changes in the atmosphere

  • The proportion of oxygen went up because of photosynthesis by plants. The proportion of carbon dioxide went down because: it was locked up in sedimentary rocks (such as limestone) and in fossil fuels. it was absorbed by plants for photosynthesis.
  • Cutting down of trees.
  • Because carbon dioxide traps heat in the atmosphere, a lessening of atmospheric carbon dioxide concentrations would mean that more heat could escape into space. This would result in a net decrease in the Earth's average temperature, assuming other factors remain the same.
  • Carbon dioxide levels decreased because of processes that included: dissolving in the oceans. use by plants for photosynthesis. formation of fossil fuels as plants died and their carbon compounds became locked up underground.
  • Photosynthesis removes carbon dioxide naturally — and trees are especially good at storing carbon removed from the atmosphere by photosynthesis. ... These dynamics make restoring and managing existing forests, and adding trees to ecologically appropriate lands outside of farmland, especially important.

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