Answer:
Potassium ion, K⁺ is transported in the cell actively through potassium pumps, with energy being consumed in the form of ATP.
Chloride ion, Cl⁻ is transported in the cell actively by several types of Cl− channels as well as numerous transporters that work mostly as cotransporters (symporters) or as exchangers (antiporters). These Channels are regulated by ligands such as neurotransmitters or Ca²⁺
Glucose is transported passively by means of facilitated diffusion in glucose transporters.
Nitrogen, N₂, is transported in the body by actively transamination reactions such as those found in the glcose-alanine cycle. It is ultimately removed from the body by the reactions of the urea cycle.
Carbon dioxide is transported by passive transport along its concentratiion gradient in three ways: (1) as a dissolved gas, (2) as bicarbonate, and (3) bound to hemoglobin (as well as other proteins) as carbaminohemoglobin.
Explanation:
There are two major types of cell transport: passive transport and active transport.
Passive transport requires no energy input from the cell. It occurs when transported substances are very small or when substances move in the direction of their concentration gradient, from regions of higher to lower concentration. Types of passive transport include simple diffusion, osmosis, and facilitated diffusion.
Facilitated diffusion involves the transport of polar molecules, charged ions, and relatively large molecules like with the help of transport proteins found in the cell membrane.
Active transport requires energy from the cell in the form of ATP. It occurs when when very large molecules are transported or when substances are to be transported against their concentration gradient, i.e. from regions of lower to higher concentration or. Types of active transport include ion pumps, such as the sodium-potassium pump, and vesicle transport.
Potassium ion, K⁺ is transported in the cell actively through potassium pumps, with energy being consumed in the form of ATP.
Chloride ion, Cl⁻, is transported in the cell actively by several types of Cl− channels as well as numerous transporters that work mostly as cotransporters (symporters) or as exchangers (antiporters). These Channels are regulated by ligands such as neurotransmitters or Ca²⁺
Glucose is transported passively by means of facilitated diffusion in glucose transporters.
Nitrogen, N₂, is transported in the body by actively transamination reactions such as those found in the glcose-alanine cycle. It is ultimately removed from the body by the reactions of the urea cycle.
Carbon dioxide is transported by passive transport along its concentratiion gradient in three ways: (1) as a dissolved gas, (2) as bicarbonate, and (3) bound to hemoglobin (as well as other proteins) as carbaminohemoglobin.
