The empirical formula : C₂H₄O
The molecular formula : C₆H₁₂O₃
Further explanation
The empirical formula is the smallest comparison of atoms of compound forming elements.
A molecular formula is a formula that shows the number of atomic elements that make up a compound.
(empirical formula) n = molecular formula
The principle of determining empirical formula and molecular formula
- Determine the mass ratio of the constituent elements of the compound.
- Determine the mole ratio by dividing the elemental mass with the relative atomic mass obtained by the empirical formula
- Determine molecular formulas by looking for values of n
Percentage of elements A and B in AxBy compounds:
% A in AₓBy = (x x Ar A / Mr AₓBy) x% AₓBy
% B in AₓBy = (y x Ar B / Mr AₓBy) x% AₓBy
It is known about the% mass of each element
To find the empirical formula, we look for its mole ratio (% mass/ its relative atomic mass)
C = 54.53 / 12 = 4.544
H = 9.15 / 1 = 9.15
O = 36.32 / 16 = 2.27
To simplify the comparison as an integer, we divide by the mole ratio of the smallest element
C = 4.544 / 2.27 = 2
H = 9.15 / 2.27 = 4
O = 2.27/2.27 = 1
So the empirical formula:
C₂H₄O
We look for the molecular formula to get the number of atoms making up the compound
(C₂H₄O) n = molecular formula
(2.12 + 4.1 + 16) n = 132
(44) n = 132
n = 3
So molecular formula = C₆H₁₂O₃
Learn more
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Keywords: empirical formula, molecular formula, mass, mole
