A missense mutation is a point mutation.
Further Explanation:
A point mutation is an alteration that only changes a single nucleotide of nucleic acid. It mainly involves the exchange of one base to another. It also includes deletions or insertions of a single nucleotide. As far as, the point mutation is a common type of mutation. Single base replacement can be differentiated into two types:
- Transitions: It exchanges nucleotide from pyrimidine to pyrimidine and purine to purine.
- Transversions: It exchanges nucleotide from purine to pyrimidine.
When a point mutation affects the coding region, it can be allocated to one of the following group, according to the result of the mutation:
- Silent mutation: Mainly, it does not alter the related amino acid, and thus has no assessable effect on the genome.
- Missense mutation: it changes the related amino acid, and thus have an effect on the genome. If the properties of the amino acid (a charge, polarity, etc.) stay the same, then the transformation is called conservative, in which case it may not affect the protein's function. Also, the resultant mutation is called non-conservative, and it affects the protein function and end result in disease.
- Nonsense mutation: It replaces the stop codon for a natural codon, which causes the protein's truncation. This also affect the protein functioning.
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Answer Details:
Grade: High School
Subject: Biology
Chapter: DNA repair and mutation
Keywords:
Missense mutation, nonsense mutation, non- conservative, transition, transversion, purine, pyramidine, mutation, disease.
