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Which of the choices is not a statement or direct application of the second law of thermodynamics? There are no 100% efficient heat engines. Heat energy naturally transfers from a high temperature substance to a low temperature substance. The change in internal energy of a system can be found by combining the heat energy added to a system minus the work done by the system. All natural processes tend toward states of increased entropy.

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Answer:

Explanation:

Heat energy naturally transfers from a high temperature substance to a low temperature substance.

It  is not a statement or direct application of the second law of thermodynamics.

The change in internal energy of a system can be found by combining the heat energy added to a system minus the work done by the system.

It  is not a statement or direct application of the second law of thermodynamics. This statement is in accordance with first law of thermodynamics.

All the other two statements are in accordance with second law of thermodynamics.

The statement B is not a statement or direct application of the second law of thermodynamics.

Statements given to us:

(a.) There are no 100% efficient heat engines.

(b.) Heat energy naturally transfers from a high temperature substance to a low temperature substance.

(c.) The change in internal energy of a system can be found by combining the heat energy added to a system minus the work done by the system.

(d.) All natural processes tend toward states of increased entropy.

According to the Second Law of Thermodynamics:

  1. heat transfer occurs spontaneously only from higher to lower temperature bodies.
  2. Entropy of the entire universe, as an isolated system, will always increase over time.
  3. The changes in the entropy in the universe can never be negative.

So, according to the above points statement B is not a statement or direct application of the second law of thermodynamics.

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