Answer:
Speed is greater in trial 2
Explanation:
"Indicate whether the speed of the block relative to the table when the block reaches the bottom of the plane is greater in trial 1 or trial 2."
The initial potential energy of the block is converted into kinetic energy, with no work done by friction.
In Trial 1, the ramp is free to move, so both the block and the ramp have kinetic energy.
PE = KE + KE
mgh = ½ mv₁² + ½ Mv²
In Trial 2, the ramp is fixed, so only the block has kinetic energy.
PE = KE
mgh = ½ mv₂²
Setting the expressions equal:
½ mv₁² + ½ Mv² = ½ mv₂²
Therefore, v₂ must be greater than v₁.