The option that best describes the effect of the use of figurative language in the poem is: A. The speaker uses metaphors to compare his beloved to the summer, and criticizes the summer for being harsh and fleeting.
Metaphor is a part of speech that compares items directly. 'Like'and 'As' are not used in these comparisons.
In the poem/sonnet, metaphor is used because there is a direct comparison of Shakespeare's beloved and summer. So, option A is right.
Learn more about metaphor here:
https://brainly.com/question/9418370