This passage is describing the overall principle of:
The United States Constitution creates a government in which there are three branches of government. Each branch has a specific function- i.e. making laws, enforcing laws, or interpreting laws- within the Federal government.
A) Republicanism.
B) Judicial Review.
C) Limited Government.
D) Checks and Balances.
The entire point of creating three branches in a single government was to ensure that no branch had more power than the other one. This is known as Checks and Balances.