Dr. Mo T. Vadar, a professor of psychology at a respected university, is planning a study of the factors that affect the motivation of employees. Dr. Vadar is concerned that the results of his experiments may be misleading because employees in an experimental group tend to behave differently when they know they are being studied. This concern shows that Dr. Vadar is aware of the:

A. Hawthorne effect.

B. Taylor effect.

C. potential confusion between Theory X and Theory Y.

D. Heisenberg principle.

The Hawthorne effect is an type of reactivity in which individuals modify one aspect of their behavior to monitor their perception. This undermine the integrity of the research, especially the relationship between the variable.
Original research on Hawthorne Work for Telephone Devices in Hawthorne and Illinois changes in working hours and break time and work structure were 1st described by Elton Mayo, and the focus on the needs of others as a whole improves productivity.
This effect was observed for minute increases in brightness. In these lighting studies, the intensity of light was changed to examine its impact on workers ’productivity.