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Answer:

The charge on H is partial positive and the charge on I is partial negative.

δ+H−Iδ−

The percent ionic character is 5.15 %.

Explanation:

The ionic compound is formed by the complete transfer of electron from one atom to another. The one atom thus carry the positive charge while the other which accept the electron became negative. like in case of NaCl .This have 100% ionic character.

In covalent bond, the bond is formed by the sharing of electron between two atoms. The one atom which greatly pull the electrons towards itself is became partial negative while the other became partial positive atom. In this way electronegativity difference is created. For example in HI bond hydrogen is partial positive and have 2.2 electronegativity while the electronegativity of iodine is 2.66.

Percent ionic character:

Formula:

%ionic character = [1- e∧-(0.25)(x)²] × 100

X= XA - XB

XA = higher electronegativity

XB = lower electronegativity

X = 2.66 - 2.2

X = 0.46

now we will determine the %ionic character.

%ionic character = [1- e∧-(0.25)(x)²] × 100

%ionic character = [1- e∧-(0.25)(0.46)²] × 100

%ionic character = [1- e∧-(0.25)(0.2116)] × 100

%ionic character = [1- e∧-(0.0529)] × 100

%ionic character = [1- 0.9485)] × 100

%ionic character = 0.0515 × 100

%ionic character = 5.15%

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The answer is:

1. The charge on H is partially positive and also the charge on I is partial negative = δ+H−Iδ−

2. ionic character = [1- e∧-(0.25)(x)²] × 100

X= XA - XB

XA = higher electronegativity

XB = lower electronegativity

X = 2.66 - 2.2

X = 0.46

now we are going to determine the ionic character.

ionic character = [1- e∧-(0.25)(x)²] × 100

ionic character = [1- e∧-(0.25)(0.46)²] × 100

ionic character = [1- e∧-(0.25)(0.2116)] × 100

ionic character = [1- e∧-(0.0529)] × 100

ionic character = [1- 0.9485)] × 100

ionic character = 0.0515 × 100

ionic character = 5.15%

Further Explanation

The formal charge (or also called an official charge) is a calculation that can be used on Lewis structures to determine the charge of the atoms that form either ionic or covalent bonds. The formal charge is the number of valence electrons in the free atom minus the number of electrons owned by the atom in the Lewis structure. To determine the number of electron electrons in a Lewis structure, the following rules can be used:

  • All nonbonding electrons in an atom are represented by the atom
  • Divides the bond between the atom and the other atom and states that half of the bonding electron belongs to the atom

Formal charges can be used in determining the stable structure of a bond. If several possible Lewis structures can be made, then the structure with the smallest and most stable formal charge is chosen.

In ionic bonds, there is an electron transfer from one atom to another. Because of the transfer of electrons, some atoms are found to have negatively charged electrons, while atoms that lose electrons will be positively charged. If an atom is added to an electron, then the atom becomes a negative ion or known as an anion. Meanwhile, if the atom loses electrons, then the atom becomes a positive ion or cation. Due to differences in charge between ions (positive ions and negative ions), the positive and negative ions will be attracted to each other by electrostatic forces. This event is the basis of ionic bonds.

A covalent bond is a kind of chemical bond that has the characteristics of a pair of electrons which are divided (sharing with electrons) between the atoms that bind. In short, the stability of attraction and repulsion that forms between atoms when sharing with electrons is known as covalent bonds.

Learn more

definition of The formal charge https://brainly.com/question/1577986

definition of ionic bonds https://brainly.com/question/1577986

definition of A covalent bond https://brainly.com/question/1577986

Details

Grade: High School

Subject: Chemistry

keywords: The formal charge

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