Answer:
The prologue
1. provides background information
3. discusses events leading up to what happens in the text
4. offers a perspective on events in the text.
Why not #5: the prologue doesn't necessarily say the locations of events.
Why not #2: sometimes prologues are very vague and don't introduce the text. Sometimes they are addressed to the reader, but usually they are from a previous time before the events of the story to give context.
