one of the guiding principles of cultural anthropology, refers to the practice of viewing and analyzing cultural traits from within the cultural context from which they are a part, and not analyzing and judging them from the perspective of the outside observer's culture.

Cultural Anthropology is only a subset of Anthropology which investigates the differences between human cultures and studies the differences between them.

There are are four aspects of cultural anthropology

Language studies: which studies the root of language and how it is communicated in the past and present. This emphasizes how language is stored and information is passed on from generation to generation.
Archaeology: studies the ancient structures and pottery and other artifacts that tells of human activity and how they handled their lives with the materials they had in their daily lives.
Biological anthropology: shows the genetic origins of a culture and who their ancestors are. It gives a landscape of genetic origins and intermingling and an approximate time.
Applied anthropology: works to solve current problems that certain cultures are facing based on the cultural practises and community influences. For example: A group of people that have been eating high fat diet for generations move from being active to sedentary and experience obesity. Applied anthropology will bring awareness to the change of activity and type of diet and the changes that can be made from a cultural point of view.

Overall, Cultural Anthropology is important for knowing the ins and outs of cultural nuances without judgement or ill intents.