Answer:
c) when a heterozygous parent is involved in a testcross recombination frequencies of less than 50%.
Explanation:
Linked genes always exhibit a greater number of recombinant offspring than parental offspring when a heterozygous parent is involved in a testcross recombination frequencies of less than 50%.
Recombination occurs through crossing over and independent assortment and its frequencies can be calculated by counting the number of recombinant and parental offspring when an individual who is heterozygous for two genes is testcrossed.