Question

he process of transcription and translation is carried out in a test tube. To a test tube is added: 1. from a hippo: messenger RNA (mRNA), transfer RNA’s (tRNA), ribosomes 2. from a fish: DNA 3. from a zebra: RNA polymerase + other necessary enzymes; ribonucleotides & amino acids. Assume some new protein is synthesized by this cell-free system in the test tube. The proteins of which animal(s) will be expressed?

Answer 1

Answer:

The proteins of both hippo and fish will get expressed.

Explanation:

In the given case, it is mentioned that from hippo, the mRNAs, tRNAs, and ribosomes are added in the system, thus, the mRNA of hippo is getting all the necessary things like tRNAs and ribosomes to go through the process of translation and thus exhibits the tendency to give rise to the proteins of hippo.  

Similarly, the DNA taken from the fish can use the RNA polymerase, ribonucleotides, and other essential components from the system, which is taken from the zebra. These components can help the DNA to go through the process of transcription, and the mRNA produced in the process can further go through the process of translation and generate the proteins of the fish.  

Answer 2

DNA and messenger RNA (mRNA) are used during gene transcription and translation, respectively. In consequence, in this case, the proteins that will be synthesized correspond to the Hippo and Fish.

• During gene transcription, a single-strand fragment of DNA is used as a template to synthesize a complementary RNA sequence called messenger RNA (mRNA).

• Subsequently, this mRNA travels to the ribosomes in order to be used as template to create a polypeptide chain (i.e., a protein) by a mechanism called translation.

• The protein sequence is largely determined by the information contained in the genetic material, ie, by the correct order of nucleotides, first in the DNA sequence and finally in mRNA.

In conclusion, in this case, mRNA from hippo and DNA from fish are present in the test tube, thereby the proteins that will be synthesized correspond to these species (i.e., both Hippo and Fish).

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