Answer:
D. mutualist, pathogen, nutrient recycler
Explanation:
1.Mutualism : Symbolic relationships in which each species benefits are mutualistic.
As in the above scenario,a bacterium lives on the surface of a leaf (getting shelter from leaf) , where it obtains nutrition from the leaf's nonliving waxy covering (obtaining nutrients) while inhibiting the growth of other microbes that are plant pathogens (plants are being benefited, protected by plant pathogens)
Hence, both are getting benefits, it is mutualism.
2.Pathogen : Infectious organisms which cause disease.
As in the above scenario, if this bacterium gains access to the inside of a leaf, however, it causes a fatal disease in the plant .
Hence, as it is causing disease, it is a Pathogen.
3.Nutrient recycler: There is a limited amount of nutrients on earth, hence they are needed to be recycled. Bacteria and Fungi decompose the remains and release the nutrients back into the abiotic environment.
As, in the above scenario, once the plant dies, the bacterium and its offspring decompose the plant thus releasing nutrients back inro abiotic environment, this is nutrient recycling.
Answer:
Mutualism .Pathogenic and Nutrient recylcler
Explanation:
The mutual association between two organisms where both benefited and none suffer losses from the association is said to be mutualist
The leaf benefited from bacterium by suppressing other bacterial activities, while the bacterium enjoyed the nutrition.
The the leaf becomes pathogenic when it gained entry, and causes death. Therefore the association is no longer mutual since the bacteria has turned to a pathogens.Any organism which causes infection, leading to death of the host is said to be pathogenic.Hence the bacterium is now a pathogen.
The nutrients in the leaf must not be lost , but conserved, so that nutrient flow in the ecosystem is conserved. This follows the principle of conservation of energy .The nutrients conversed in the dead leaves by the bacteria and offspring are inform of inorganic ions and gases.
When this is supplied to the leaf( which is the producers.) it uses the energy from nutrients to germinate and the bacterial associated again and the cycle continues.
if the plant is consumed by herbivores and man, the nutrients nutrients cycle continues in the ecosystem. Thus the Bacterium and offsping are now Nutrient recycler.
