Answer:
variable ratio.
Explanation:
Operant conditioning theory describes a variable-ratio schedule as a situation where the response is repeated after an unforeseeable number of responses. It is given using a pre-determined average number of responses. Variable ratio schedules keep the desired behavior high and stable, and the behavior is very resilient to extinction. As per the question, Othello's realization of his unknown probability of wins reflects he has been reinforced by a variable ratio schedule of reinforcement.
