Answer:
Research hypothesis
Step-by-step explanation:
A specific, clear, and testable proposition or predictive statement about the possible outcome of a scientific research study based on a particular property of a population, such as presumed differences between groups on a particular variable or relationships between variables is known as a research hypothesis .
One of the most important steps in planning a scientific quantitative research study is specifying the research hypotheses. A prior expectation about the results of the study in one or more research hypotheses is usually being stated by a quantitative researcher before conducting the study, because the design of the research study and the planned research design is often determined by the stated hypotheses.
In the question, it is clearly seen that a prior expectation about the results of the study on the relationship between income and self-esteem was already suggested, before been tested. Thus, it is a research hypothesis