Question

Drag each label to the correct location.
Sort the sentences based on whether they describe temperature or thermal energy.

Answer 1

Answer:

Temperature:

• It’s a measure of the average kinetic energy of particles in a sample.

• It doesn’t depend on the size of the sample.

Heat energy

• It’s a measure of the total kinetic energy of particles in a sample.

• It depends on the size of the sample.

Explanation:

The missing sentences that must be sorted are:

• It’s a measure of the average kinetic energy of particles in a sample.

• It’s a measure of the total kinetic energy of particles in a sample.

• It depends on the size of the sample.

• It doesn’t depend on the size of the sample.

Solution

Temperature is an intensive property, thus it does not depend on the amount of matter, which is what the size of the sample means. Just like density, boiling point, melting point do not depend on the amount of matter. Therefore, the last sentence describes temperature.

Accoding to the kinetic theory of gases the temperature of a gas is a measure of the average kinetic energy of all the gas' particles. Thus, knowing the temperature you can determine the average kinetic energy of the particles in the gas sample. Hence, the first statement describes temperature.

The heat energy is the energy that can be transferred due to the difference on the temperatures between the objects; from warm objects to colder objects. It depends on the amount of sample: the more matter content the more the heat energy. This is not an average but is the total kinetic energy provided by all the particles. Therefore, the second and third statements describe heat energy.