The main idea is that you can take squares out of a square root:
[tex]\sqrt{a^2}=a[/tex]
Along with the multiplication property
[tex]\sqrt{ab}=\sqrt{a}\cdot\sqrt{b}[/tex]
So, we have
[tex]\sqrt{8}=\sqrt{4\cdot 2}=\sqrt{4}\cdot\sqrt{2}=2\sqrt{2}[/tex]
[tex]\sqrt{20}=\sqrt{4\cdot 5}=\sqrt{4}\cdot\sqrt{5}=2\sqrt{5}[/tex]
[tex]\sqrt{45}=\sqrt{9\cdot 5}=\sqrt{9}\cdot\sqrt{5}=3\sqrt{5}[/tex]
The first sum becomes
[tex]\sqrt{5}+2\sqrt{2}-2\sqrt{5}+\sqrt{2}=3\sqrt{2}-\sqrt{5}[/tex]
And the second becomes
[tex]-6(2\sqrt{5})+2(3\sqrt{5})+7\sqrt{5}=-12\sqrt{5}+6\sqrt{5}+7\sqrt{5}=\sqrt{5}[/tex]