You would like to know whether the progeny of a pair of mated fruit flies are distributed among the resulting four phenotypic classes in a 1:1:1:1 ratio. You perform a chi-square test and obtain a p value of 0.04. Assuming you have done the test correctly, select the best interpretation of this result.The p value allows you to make a decision regarding the likelihood of the observed values. You would like to know whether the progeny of a pair of mated fruit flies are distributed among the resulting four phenotypic classes in a 1:1:1:1 ratio. You perform a chi-b.) square test and obtain a p value of 0.04. Assuming you have done the test correctly, select the best interpretation of this result.
a) The differences between the observed and expected counts are too large to be attributed to chance.
b) The traits being studied are on separate chromosomes.
c) Approximately 4% of the offspring lie outside the range of values expected for a 1:1:1:1 ratio.
d) The phenotypic ratio is actually 9:3:3:1

The chi square test is to know the probability of correlating with the hypothesis given. A low result as compared to observation suggests that hypothesis is not correct.

In this example ratio of 1:1:1:1 shows law of independent assortment. The chances exhibit are 25% thus the value of p 0.04 is very less.

Hence, difference between observed and expected count is very large to be attributed to chance.