Question

According to the chemiosmotic theory (chemiosmotic coupling), the energy required to move protons from the mitochondrial matrix to the intermembrane space against a concentration gradient comes most directly from:____________
a) photons of red or blue light
b) the hydrolysis of ATP
c) the breakdown of high-energy fatty acids in the mitochondrial matrix
d) electrons flowing along the electron transport chain
e) substrate-level phosphorylation

Answer 1

Answer:

d. Electron transport chain

Explanation:

when reduced NAD and FAD brings hydrogen, it splits into electron and proton. Electrons flow through electron transport chain from higher energy level to lower energy level which releases energy and this energy is used to pump electron from mitochondrial matrix to intermembranal space. This hydrogen moves back into mitochondrial matrix through stalk particle having ATPase will produce ATP and combines with oxygen and electron to form water

Answer 2

According to the chemiosmotic theory, the energy required to move protons from the mitochondrial matrix comes most directly from: electrons flowing along the electron transport chain.

Chemiosmotic theory refers to the production of ATP through the movement of hydrogen ions across an inner membrane during cellular respiration.

• This transfer of electrons releases energy, which is used to pump protons (H + derived from water) through the membrane and thus generate an electrochemical proton gradient.

• The reflux of the H + down the electrochemical gradient through an enzyme called ATP synthase, catalyzes the energy-dependent synthesis of ATP from ADP and inorganic phosphate.

Therefore, we can conclude that hydrogen ions diffuse from an area of high proton concentration to one of lower concentration.

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