Note: Question lack some important information i have added full and clear question in ask for detail section.
Answer:
Option D) polyphyletic taxa and monophyletic taxa
Explanation:
A group of animals that are grouped together but does not share any common ancestor are called polyphyletic taxa. While on the other hand, a group of animals or organisms that have common ancestor are called as monophyletic taxa.
As both association are separate therefore we can not use them in the construction of phylogenies. Instead of these we use paraphyletic taxa which include different organisms linked to each other some how. See attached picture.
