Respuesta :
Answer:
Environmental factors or how diet can impact genes.
Explanation:
A typical hunter-gather diet is made up predominately of legumes, vegetables , nuts, fish, meats (lean meats). and grasses. While a typical westernized diet in the US shroud contain of more carbohydrate junk, sweets,high fatty proteins, less grains, more carbonated soda, and alcohol.
The fact that these two cousins have different incidence of DM despite their genetic similarities shows that environmental factors( diet→ obesity) is the main contributing factor to incidence of diabetes in the United States located Pimas, and not genetic factors.
Generally environmental factors can determine how genetic potentials will be expressed or suppressed. In the United Stated located Pima therefore, the effect of diet;poor diet leading to obesity should be the probable environmental factor causing insulin resistance, and therefore high incidence of Diabetes. Since both shared the same genetic composition and the hunter-gatherers feed on different diet, definitely the nature of diet(environmental factor), should be the contribution factor.
Most American diets are of high calories,less fibre with high fat contents and sweetening products. The high fats, and sweetening components lead to obesity,
Essentially, overweight caused by overeating put a lot of burden on the Smooth Endoplasmic reticulum in the cells due to over-processing of nutrients beyond limit. Therefore signals is sent from the ER to the cells membranes to shut down insulin receptors on their membrane surfaces, resulting in insulin tolerance;type 2 DM with high retention of glucose in the blood stream,
Besides diet, exercise is another contributing factor. The hunter-gatherer are always mobile, in search of food with no sedentary life style.This is in contrast to the U S located cousin; which advancement in technology make us of assisted technologically for activities, with little physical activities.
Exercises has been shown to;
→ promotes blood glucose metabolism and energy production,with consequent increase intake in Glycogen, for DM management
→increases the amount of muscles cells for increase in glucose cellular utilization; for DM management,
→promotes the drop in blood glucose concentration by conversion to glycogen for storage after exercise for DM management,
Environmental pollution is another factor with great influence on gene to cause DM type ii. High levels of NO2 gas and PM2.5 has been shown to cause T2 DM in some individuals exposed to high concentration in the atmosphere.
Therefore Environmental factors(diet→Obesity), lack of exercise, pollution and other factors has great impacts on the gene for incidence of DM in US located PIma
Some scientific studies report that Pimas from Arizona and Mexico played a crucial role in scientific advances in type 2 diabetes and obesity, as both have genetic similarity but different lifestyles.
Pimas from Arizona and Mexico
The two groups have provided a unique opportunity to understand the independent roles of genes versus environment because they are genetically-related populations living in dramatically different environments yet presenting with significant differences
- in diabetes
- and obesity prevalence.
These studies provided compelling evidence of the impact of environment and the protective role of a traditional lifestyle.
Answering the question
Lifestyle completes the sentence.
Modernization is inevitable and can bring many benefits to the quality of life. However, when the food supply is increased and labor-saving devices are invented, it is incomprehensible that those who have not had access to such luxuries in the past will not embrace these advances, and this impact is felt by the people Pimas from Arizona and Mexico.
Learn more about diabetes in https://brainly.com/question/14823945?referrer=searchResults
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