Temperature and salinity is responsible for surface currents.
Explanation:
Temperature and salinity of ocean currents influence its density. Warmer and less saline waters are less dense and hence form the surface currents, Cooler and more saline waters are denser and hence form the deep currents.
Remember that warm water can accommodate more salts and minerals, therefore, their relative concentration is lower than cooler water that gets concentrated fast with the same amount of salts and minerals. This is why deep currents that are cooler are more saline than surface currents.
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