Respuesta :
Answer:
(a). Biological fixation
(b). Fixation by lightning
Explanation:
Gaseous nitrogen in the atmosphere has to be converted or "fixed" into a suitable form before it can be utilised by living organisms.
There two main ways of nitrogen fixation are
(a). Biological fixation: Majority (approximately 90%) of nitrogen fixation is carried out by bacteria. Bacterias such as Cyanobacteria transforms nitrogen into ammonium and ammonia : N2 + 3 H2 → 2 NH3. The produced ammonia can then be taken in directly by plants and /or the conversion products of ammonium and ammonia may further react in the process of nitrification.
(b). Fixation by lightning: Lightning energy causes the combination nitrogen (N2) and water (H2O) forming nitrates (NO3) and ammonia (NH3) . Rain water dissolves the formed nitrates and ammonia and the solution is drained into the ground, where they can be reached by plants plant roots for consumption.
Biological nitrogen fixation and lightning are the major natural processes responsible for converting atmospheric nitrogen to useable forms.
What processes responsible for converting atmospheric nitrogen to useable forms?
Nitrogen gas goes into the soil from the atmosphere, and nitrogen fixing bacteria convert this nitrogen to ammonium ions (NH4+), which can be used by plants.
Whereas, Lightning converts atmospheric nitrogen into ammonia and nitrate (NO3) that comes to the soil with the help of rainfall.
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