Question

Two currently owned machines are being considered for the production of a part. The capital investment associated with the machines is about the same and can be ignored for purposes of this example. The important differences between the machines are their production capacities (production rate x available production hours) and their reject rates (percentage of parts produced that cannot be sold). Consider the following table: Machine A Machine B Production rate Hours available for production Percent parts rejected 100 parts/hour 7 hours/day 3% 130 parts/hour 6 hours/day 10% The material cost is $6.00 per part, and all defect-free parts produced can be sold for $12 each. (Rejected parts have negligible scrap value.) For either machine, the operator cost is $15.00 per hour and the variable overhead rate for traceable costs is $5.00 per hour. Assume that the daily demand for this part is large enough that all defect-free parts can be sold. Which machine should be selected?

Answer 1

Answer:

Machine A's output in a day = 100 × 7 = 700

Rejected output of machine A =0.03 × 700 = 21

Thus defect free output of machine A = 700 – 21 = 679

Revenue from Using Machine A = 679 × 12 = 8148

Cost of Using Machine A = 6 × (Defect free output) + 15 × 7 + 5 × 7 = 6 × 679 + 105 + 35 = 4214

Thus, profit from using machine A = 8148 – 4214 = 3934

Machine B's output in a day =130 × 6 = 780

Rejected output of machine B = 0.1 × 780 = 78

Thus, defect free output of machine B = 780 – 78 = 702

Revenue from Using Machine B = 702 × 12 = 8424

Cost of Using Machine B = 6 × 702 + 15 × 6 + 5 × 6 = + 105 + 35 = 4212 + 120 = 4332

Thus profit from using machine B = 8424 – 4332 = 4029

Since the profit from using machine B is higher, Machine B should be selected.

Answer 2

The machine that should be selected by the company is Machine A because it produces higher contribution margin per day than Machine B.

Data and Calculations:

                                                      Machine A           Machine B

Production rate                             100 parts/hour    130 parts/hour

Hours available for production       7 hours/day         6 hours/day

Total units produced per day      700 parts            780 parts

Percent parts rejected                    3%                       10%

Rejected parts =                            21 parts                78 parts

Defect-free parts =                       679 (700 - 21)     702 (780 - 78)

Selling price for defect-free parts = $12

                                                          Machine A      Machine B

The total revenue (defect-free parts) $8,148           $8,424

                                                       (679 x $12)        (702 x $12)

Direct material cost ($6 per part)    $4,200            $4,680

Direct labor cost ($15 per hour)          $105 ($15 x 7)   $90 ($15 x 6)

Variable overhead ($5 per hour)         $35 ($5 x 7)     $30 ($5 x 6)

Total variable manufacturing cost $4,340             $4,800

Contribution margin per day       $3,808             $3,624

Thus, the machine that should be selected by the company is Machine A because it produces higher contribution margin per day than Machine B.

Learn more about capital decision-making based on contribution margin here: https://brainly.com/question/25298436