Question

Cialdini and his colleagues (1976) counted the number of college insignia T-shirts worn by university students on the Monday after their teams played football.

These researchers found that students were more likely to wear such shirts after victories than after losses. These findings suggest that
a. in-group identification is a source pride and self-esteem.
b. minimal categorization can have effects on competition.
c. in-groups can provide support after setbacks.
d. the establishment of in-group bias can contribute to intergroup conflict.

Answer 1

Answer:

a. in-group identification is a source pride and self-esteem.

Explanation:

Cialdini and his colleagues (1976) conducted the research focusing on self-confidence and self-esteem. The found that the people were more likely to wear football team shirts after victories than after losses. This highlighted that the want to be acknowledged as a fan and to connect with other fans and members of fans group and to fulfill their sense of belonging. However, social acceptance limited them for wearing the same shirt when after the loss because it is possible that rival fans or other friends will make fun of them hurting their pride and self-esteem.