Explanation:
A bystander effect is a social psychological assert which claims that people are less likely offer to help other person if there are people around at the same spot. It is a psychological theory which says that the people refuses to help other victims in the presence of of other people.
The more the number of people or bystanders, the less likely a victim is going to be helped by other people.
Thus according to bystander effect ---
(i) Situations where people will offer help are :
Options (a), (c) and (d).
(ii). Situations where people are less likely to offer help are:
Option (b).
And when a man crying to help his cat who is trapped inside a burning house.
