Portland Crystal Products is an organization that has undergone a dramatic transformation over the last few years. Earlier, employees were managed using a wide array of rules, regulations, and procedures. Offending employees were punished for their violations. Today, employees are encouraged to make decisions and come up with innovative solutions to problems they encounter. Most employees are much more satisfied under the new arrangement. The group is much more cohesive and is committed not only to the overall success of the organization but also to its standards and reputation. The type of control system that PCP used in the past was control; and the control system they currently use is __ control.

a. clan; bureaucratic

b. bureaucratic; concurrent

c. market; clan

d. bureaucratic; clan

Portland Crystal Products earlier used to influence their control over their employees and used to manage their employees using a set of rules and regulations. This is a more of a bureaucratic form of managing or controlling your employees. It's more like dictating terms and telling your employees to follow your company's rules and policies.

However, now the employees are empowered in making their own decisions and come up with solutions to encounter problems. This is more of a clan type of control wherein the organization gives more power to the employees and let them make the decision that is best for the organization.